We rely on cyber systems for most aspects of our daily lives—from commercial transactions to transportation networks. However, keeping these essential cyber systems safe, secure, and resilient is ...

Chapter 2 explored key factors underpinning difficult cyber challenges. This chapter goes on to list and discuss the list of cyber hard problems—well-defined problems where progress toward their ...

When Carlo Rovelli's bicycle chain comes off, he calls a bike-shop mechanic, never a particle physicist - even though ...

Adiabatic quantum computing An example problem represented by an energy landscape. Each point on the landscape represents a candidate solution. The deepest valley represents the actual solution with ...

This blog was co-authored by Gregg Henriques, Ph.D., and John Vervaeke, Ph.D. Since the dawn of human consciousness, people have grappled with the problem of what it is and how it works. In academic ...

Workplaces need people who are willing to speak up. The key is to do it in a way that positions you as a problem-solver, not just a critic. A senior analyst at a financial firm once shared that she ...

David Chalmers’ essay on the hard problem of consciousness has sparked many analyses, arguments, and counterclaims. Here I explain why we should think about the hard problem as two different problems, ...

What does it take to solve hard problems: There are 3 things essential to problem solving. The right paradigm: This is the most important part about problem solving. You need to approach the problems ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...