The function of the lower urinary tract — to store and periodically eliminate urine — seems simple, but its neuronal control is complex and not fully understood, and dysfunction is common. Functional ...

An overarching theme of the immune system in the bladder seems to be balancing the need to respond promptly to microbial challenge with the need to rapidly curtail inflammatory responses, as the ...

The kidneys contain millions of microscopic blood vessels known as peritubular capillaries. These vessels recapture helpful nutrients like glucose and minerals and return them to your bloodstream for ...

High leukocyte levels in the urine may mean a urinary tract infection or other underlying inflammatory medical problems, such as kidney infection and kidney stones. Leukocytes, also known as white ...

Inpatients with indwelling urinary catheters in the general Stroke Ward of the Department of Neurology of our hospital from January to December 2025 were selected as the research subjects. A ...