The complement cascade, a cornerstone of innate immunity, has been increasingly recognised for its non-canonical role in sculpting neural circuits through synaptic pruning. Central to this process is ...

Arachnology and toxinology have increasingly illuminated the structural, biochemical and evolutionary diversity of venom ...

The complement system in teleost fish constitutes a cornerstone of innate defence, integrating classical, lectin and alternative activation routes to eliminate pathogens and shape inflammatory ...

Louse-borne relapsing fever is caused by the spirochete bacterium Borrelia recurrentis, which is transmitted by body lice ...

Along with defending against pathogens, the body's innate immune system helps to protect the stability of our genomes in unexpected ways -- ways that have important implications for the development of ...

Researchers have discovered that mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines have a persistent effect on the innate immune system. These mechanisms may help the human body to better protect itself against potential ...

Innate lymphoid cells, which curiously behave like T cells even though they don’t recognize specific antigens, show promise as a potential cancer therapeutic. In the years that followed, other groups ...

Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

Antibodies, which recognize viruses and proteins that the body has encountered before, have long gotten most of the credit for giving the human immune system a memory. Now, researchers at the ...

Dozens of new discoveries reveal that defenses evolved by bacteria and viruses billions of years ago still define our own innate immune system. Evolutionary arms races — where one species is pitted ...