For observations based on sensory data, the human brain must constantly verify which "version" of reality underlies the perception. The answer is gleaned from probability distributions that are stored ...

Continuous Variable: can take on any value between two specified values. Obtained by measuring. Covariance: a measure of the direction of the linear relationship between two variables. Discrete ...

Central Limit Theorem: A sampling distribution of the mean is approximately normally distributed if the sample size is sufficiently large. This is true no matter what the population distribution is.