Abstract: The Multi-depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Uncertain Demand (MD-VRPUD) can be modeled as a bi-level optimization problem (BLOP), because it requires both assigning customers to different ...

AC units are extremely popular in the U.S. In 2020, the U.S. Energy Information Administration's 2020 Residential Energy Consumption Survey found that 89% of homes across the nation use air ...

Abstract: In this article, the distributed form of the zeroing neural network for solving time-varying optimal problems is put forward. Compared with traditional centralized algorithms, distributed ...